Wuthering Heights Review

For a time, it looked as though this new version of Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights would not be made. The project bounced from director to director with actors and actresses as varied as Natalie Portman (wrong nationality), Michael Fassbender (interesting), Gemma Arterton and (shudder) Gossip Girl’s Ed Westwick attached at different points to play Cathy and Heathcliff. Eventually the film found its way into the hands of Andrea Arnold, and received the most radical stripping-down a period film has ever received, which is impressive given the amount of corsets that have collectively been ripped off throughout the genre’s history. This is a hard, visceral world with all romance or pretence of it buried beneath an obscene volley of “niggers”, “fucks and “cunts”.

The structure of the novel has always presented problems for screenwriters, with framing devices, minor characters and the small matter of the maturing of two generations condensed into a single book. Arnold’s version cuts the character of Lockwood and begins with Mr. Earnshaw leading the foundling Heathcliff (Solomon Glave in adolescence and James Howson as an adult) across the moors in the dead of night towards Wuthering Heights. Physically and verbally abused by his skin-headed adoptive brother Hindley (Lee Shaw) because of his race, he finds solace in his friendship with Hindley’s sister Cathy (Shannon Beer and Kaya Scodelario). The two grow up roaming the moors together, but when Cathy opts to marry wealthy neighbour Edgar Linton, Heathcliff leaves, only to return years later, mysteriously rich and craving revenge against Hindley along with Cathy’s love.

With so many unremarkable costume adaptations of the novel in existence, a change of direction and style was clearly needed. Arnold has merged the grit and handheld camera approach of her first two films, Red Road and Fish Tank, with the sense of wonder at the natural world always so prevalent in the films of Terrence Malick. The shaky framing as we follow the two tearaways fleeing Heathcliff’s baptism leaves us as breathless as if we had run with them, and generates a shockingly intimate atmosphere as we watch their relationship build. However, while the focus on the moors and its assorted wildlife provides a relatively peaceful counterpoint to the human drama engulfing the two families, it was overused – no film with such rich dialogue in the source material needs six establishing shots of diving falcons and waving grass before every scene.

Arnold’s casting of an unknown, untrained and inexperienced actor in James Howson as the adult Heathcliff was a gamble that has worked well for her in the past, with previously unknown Katie Jarvis giving a breathtaking performance as the lead in Fish Tank, but falters slightly here. The complexity of Heathcliff’s character is one of the novel’s most enduring aspects, and Arnold might have been better off searching casting agencies instead of job centres for her leading man. That said, Howson makes a good stab at the role, at the very least equalling Tom Hardy’s performance in the 2009 ITV version. Scodelario captures the adult Cathy’s manipulative, childish essence well considering that she had not read the book, but the film is stolen by Glave and Beer as the younger versions of the characters. I was enthralled watching the children in Super 8 during the summer, and felt the same here. As soon as Glave storms off into the windswept, stormy night at the end of the first half, I almost wanted the film to end until he and Beer had grown up enough to portray the adults, such was the power of their onscreen chemistry.

Although this adaptation is by no means perfect (especially the ending, which leaves the characters of Heathcliff, Hindley and Isabella unresolved), there is ultimately enough new perspective here for any subsequent director to try and perfect this unfilmable, tempestuous novel once and for all. 

3.5/5

How To Film Wuthering Heights

NOTE: This was an article I wrote for Don't Panic when Wuthering Heights premiered at Venice, but for some reason I missed putting it up on here when I was putting up the other Don't Panic articles. I'm putting it up now because I'm seeing the film tonight and I'm going to review it at some point in the near future.

Andrea Arnold’s take on Wuthering Heights premiered this week at the Venice Film Festival, but it appears to be yet another adaptation of Emily Bronte’s classic novel which has fallen short. Just why is it so difficult to film?

For fans of the book, there has never been a satisfactory film or TV adaptation of Wuthering Heights. There have been more adaptations than you can shake a stick at following the Laurence Olivier/Merle Oberon 1939 version, all of which have had varying degrees of success but never quite managed to capture the book’s spirit. The early reviews coming out of Venice this week suggest that Andrea Arnold’s adaptation will be consigned to the same scrap-heap as all of the others – despite a bold style reminiscent more of Terrence Malick than Merchant-Ivory, a ‘crucial lack of chemistry’ between the two leads has been cited as the film’s main problem.

The main problem is that Wuthering Heights is really two novels in one, the first featuring Heathcliff, Catherine, Hindley and the Lintons; the second featuring Heathcliff, Cathy, Edgar and Hareton. The first part is undoubtedly more dramatic than the second, but the second completes the saga and offers closure and hope to the story – those adaptations that discard the children always feel unfinished. Arnold has cut the story of the children, though she still follows Heathcliff until his death. Surely a straight adaptation of the book minus the character of Lockwood could be done in 150-odd minutes? Failing that, just go the whole hog and do a three-hour-long film – it might become The Godfather of period adaptations.

Then you’ve got to get the casting right. Olivier’s Heathcliff was too tidy and cultured and Juliette Binoche, who played both Catherine and Cathy in the 1992 version, was FRENCH for God’s sake. There have also been issues with the ages of the actors as opposed to the characters they are portraying. For the majority of the novel Heathcliff and Catherine are around 20, but they consistently been played by actors 10 or 15 years older (Tom Hardy in ITV’s 2009 version was 32), with Heathcliff, described as a dark-skinned gypsy, always played by white actors. Arnold has rectified this in her version, casting unknown Leeds actor James Howson as the first black actor to play the role, with Skins’ Kaya Scodelario as Catherine. Howson is 25, Scodelario is 19.

Finally, it is crucial for the director to get the tone and feel of the book right. Arnold, who won acclaim for her films Red Road and Fish Tank, has by all accounts gone for the same gritty approach that made her name, albeit on 1800s moors rather than modern-day council estates, and seems to have got this right in terms of presenting the desolation and wildness of the moors, but I have yet to see a Heathcliff and Catherine display any of the passion Bronte describes. This is also a casting issue, but a director’s job is to guide an actor towards the performance they want in order to best represent the story. None have succeeded so far, and it is this, more than anything else, that determines whether a Wuthering Heights adaptation lives or dies.

Those not lucky enough to be in Venice this week will have to reserve judgement on Wuthering Heights until it is released in the UK on November 11.

We Need To Talk About Kevin Review

We Need To Talk About Kevin, Lynne Ramsay’s adaptation of Lionel Shriver’s novel, was released last week. I wasn’t expecting to be reviewing it, but somehow the plan changed from seeing The Adventures of Tintin to seeing this.

I hadn’t read the book before seeing the film, but given that pretty much everyone else has, I’m not going to worry about giving away spoilers. Eva Khatchadourian (Tilda Swinton) and her husband Franklin (John C. Reilly) have two children. One, Celia, is a sweet, perfect little girl who wouldn’t hurt a fly. She idolises her older brother, Kevin (Ezra Miller), who, unfortunately, is a raving sociopath. The trouble is, only Eva can see it, and it is she who has to deal with the consequences when Kevin commits a high school massacre. The film follows their relationship from his birth to her visits to him in prison.

The title is an odd one. Eva and Franklin certainly did need to talk about Kevin, but they never broach the subject. The onus is on Eva to tell Franklin about what a monster he is, but she doesn’t do it forcefully enough – he brushes away her concerns and she gives up. Is she ashamed of her perceived failings as a mother? Does she tell herself she is over-reacting? Or does she simply lack the courage to bring up the possibility that her son has somehow become a lunatic? Even after it is implied that Kevin and a bottle of bleach are responsible for the loss of one of Celia’s eyes, which Eva suspects, she does nothing. Is she the real monster here? This might explain the way she stays in town after the massacre when she could have moved away, as a kind of penance for her inaction. Tilda Swinton will almost certainly get an Oscar nomination for her finely-balanced performance as a mother struggling to connect with her son and carry on after he has made her life almost unliveable.

Ramsay provides no motivation for Kevin’s actions, seeming to suggest that he was evil from birth. Often, as with the Columbine massacre, the perpetrators are ostracised from their peers, but we never see Kevin at school or interacting with anyone other than his family. We see him throughout his life: only stopping his crying when held by Franklin rather than Eva as a baby and spraying paint all over the walls of Eva’s map room as a toddler. However, Eva can be seen as a classic unreliable narrator. Looking back over Kevin’s life, she may be twisting events to show that he was evil from birth, when really her lack of empathy towards him as a woman who never wanted to have children pushed him towards his unenviable place in history. Ramsay leaves this up to the viewer, but her direction throughout is largely cliché-ridden and ponderous. She obviously doubts her audience’s intelligence, pointlessly featuring the colour red in almost every scene, from jam sandwiches to cans of tomato soup, as a signpost to the horror yet to come, when I’m sure most people would have understood her intention in the first five minutes of the film. In addition, the flashbacks and flashforwards are initially confusing – until Kevin is born, it is difficult to tell exactly where you are in the narrative.

The film’s greatest achievement is the way it portrays the ambiguity of the relationship between Kevin and Eva, as well as the reasons behind Kevin’s massacre of his classmates. Fittingly in the run-up to Halloween, it comes across as a very modern horror film, let down only by its clogged direction.

3.5/5

My Favourite 10 Opening Scenes

This is fairly self-explanatory - my favourite opening scenes, not necessarily "the best" in terms of filming or dialogue or anything like that.

10. Narc

This criminally underrated cop thriller begins with the bluest, fastest, most intense foot chase scene you’ll ever see, made incredibly visceral by a shaky hand-held camera and a lack of distracting soundtrack. Having picked this up for 50p from a going-out-of-business DVD rental shop and not really expecting anything groundbreaking from it, this scene absolutely floored me. And it’s not even the best part of the film.

9. Inglourious Basterds

I could equally have gone for the openings of Reservoir Dogs, Pulp Fiction and Kill Bill Vol. 1 as my Tarantino choice but the introduction to SS Colonel Hans Landa is so beautifully paced, shot and acted that it pretty much chose itself. A more compelling scene based on social niceties and milk quality you’ll never see.

8. The Breakfast Club

We hear “Don’t You Forget About Me”, which always compels me to air-drum. We hear the letter they write at the end. We get introduced to all of the kids as they turn up for detention, which establishes their characters – the brain, the athlete, the princess, the basket-case and the criminal. It’s an economical beginning, but a memorable, completely John Hughesian one. 

7. Lock, Stock & Two Smoking Barrels

A very cool opening to a very cool film. From Jason Statham’s market patter to Ocean Colour Scene’s “Hundred Mile High City” soundtracking, there’s practically nothing to dislike about it. Apart from Statham throwing the open suitcase down the stairs in slo-mo – I still don’t know why he does that, and it pisses me off every time I see it.

6. Once Upon A Time In The West

I can’t think of an opening sequence that takes so long to get to such a quick payoff. We watch the three hired goons (originally intended to be Clint Eastwood, Lee Van Cleef and Eli Wallach, apparently) wait for Harmonica for about 10 minutes during the credits – he turns up, makes a crack about the number of horses they brought and kills them. It’s incredible how hooked you can get on so little action.

5. Goodfellas

I couldn’t not have a Scorsese one in here somewhere. Pitching us in at the middle of the story, we get gratuitous violence immediately juxtaposed with a jazzy, upbeat Tony Bennett song symbolising the glamour of the gangster life, along with Henry Hill’s immortal line: “As far back as I can remember, I always wanted to be a gangster.” Iconic isn’t even the word.

4. Mission:Impossible III

Considering M:I-2 was ultimately quite a fun, harmless film, the opening of its sequel is pretty harrowing. Like Goodfellas, we’re thrown into the middle of the film with Ethan Hunt trying to convince Philip Seymour Hoffman not to shoot his wife. Very tense, very dark. Tom Cruise actually doing some good acting.  

3. The Godfather

“I believe in America.” The camera starting close-up on Bonasera’s face and zooming out slowly over Corleone’s shoulder. The stray cat that had been wandering around the set and was dropped into Brando’s lap just before the scene started. The tux. Duvall and Caan. “Someday, and that day may never come, I’ll call upon you to do a service for me.” Genius.

2. Raiders Of The Lost Ark

I once ripped this off for a story I wrote at school when I was about 10 – for some reason I assumed that the teacher hadn’t seen Raiders but obviously he had. Anyway, the opening introduces you to all the key element of the Indy series – the whip, the archaeology (grave-robbing), the fear of snakes, the triumphing against adversity, etc. And the theme tune. Love the theme tune. 

1. Saving Private Ryan

Now I know that the opening scene is technically the one with old James Ryan in the French war cemetery, but whenever I consider my favourite opening scene, I always come back to this one. Shot in desaturated colours by Janusz Kaminski, it’s the leading up to storming the beach that always gets me rather than when they actually get onto it. Has to be the best battle sequence ever filmed, if only because of how realistic it seems.

Killer Elite Review

Jason Statham’s latest guns-and-muscles film, Killer Elite, based on a book by Ranulph Fiennes and directed by Gary McKendry, was released last week. Is it standard popcorn fodder or is there more going on than in the average action flick?

After killing a father in front of his child on an operation, Danny (Statham) decides that he doesn’t want to be a mercenary anymore and retires to Australia to build a house. A year later, however, he is pulled back in by a sheikh who wants revenge on three SAS operatives who killed his sons. As an incentive, he’s holding Danny’s mentor, Hunter (Robert De Niro), hostage. Not only does he want the deaths to look like accidents, he also wants taped confessions. Former SAS man Spike (Clive Owen) is tasked with stopping Danny.

I cannot in good conscience review this film without first commenting on its obsession with male hirsuteness. This film should have been called Men With Ridiculous Facial Hair. Its actual title is hugely misleading seeing as more or less everyone bar Robert De Niro manages to cock up killing someone at some point during the film’s 116 minutes’ running time. What is in evidence, however, are what must be a record-breaking number of preposterous moustaches and beards for one film. Clive Owen’s moustache looks half-hearted and De Niro’s beard looks scruffy and uncared-for, but credit to Dominic Purcell as Danny’s mate, whom I decided to label “Lemmy’s Brother”, for his incredible mutton chops.

As an action film, Killer Elite ticks all the boxes – there’s guns, explosions, car chases, rooftop chases, fistfights and swearing galore. It’s when it tries to go all political that cracks appear which, with a more experienced writer and director, might have been papered over. Spike’s superiors are an organisation called the Feather Men. We don’t really know who they are or why they’re there – they’re pulling all the strings but we forget about them later on, so they can’t have been that important. They may have had something to do with a war in Oman. Or not. God knows. In addition, one guy, apparently from somewhere unconnected to either Danny or Spike (possibly the Feather Men), turns up during their interrogation scene, talks for a bit and then gets killed almost straightaway. I have no idea who he was or why he was there. I think he may have been knocking around before, but the multitude of Men With Ridiculous Facial Hair and wishy-washy direction means it’s difficult to tell. And did we really need a love interest who adds nothing to the plot apart from complication and pointlessness?

In fact, the script as a whole is pretty atrocious. Matt Sherring, take this as a subtle hint. NEVER write another screenplay. Could you not have come up with an alternative line to “Killing’s easy...the hard part’s living with it”? It’s far too long, with several unnecessary twists. When Statham, tied to a chair, flips over in midair to land on the back of a prostrate Owen with crushing force, it could have ended for me. I was entirely satisfied. But it didn’t. At least Aden Young (playing another of Danny’s mates, Meier), who couldn’t decide if his character was German, American, Dutch or Australian, got killed off relatively early.

Its deep political aspirations are admirable, but I shouldn’t be getting confused during a Jason Statham film. It could have been done better. 

2.5/5

Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy Review

Tomas Alfredson’s adaptation of John le Carré’s novel Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, starring Gary Oldman as spymaster George Smiley, arrives in cinemas this week fresh from a triumphant world premiere at the recent Venice Film Festival.

The 1970s BBC adaptation of Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, starring Alec Guinness, was so highly-regarded (in the run-up to this release, it seemed to take on the veneer of legend), that the idea of a slick new film version was predictably met with muted outrage from those who remember and cherish it. They need not have worried. Tomas Alfredson’s fresh take on John le Carré’s novel is every bit as outstanding as we all hoped it would be when it was announced.

Le Carré’s spy world is not one of gadgets, gunfights and girls. It is a grey, seedy world, populated by unromanticised, fiercely patriotic public schoolboys obsessed with gaining the advantage over Smiley’s Kremlin counterpart Karla. Following a failed operation in Budapest which results in the capture of high-ranking agent Jim Prideaux (Mark Strong), George Smiley and Circus head Control (John Hurt) are cast out into the cold. Control is replaced by forward-thinking moderniser Percy Alleline (Toby Jones), who is supported by Bill Haydon (Colin Firth), Roy Bland (Ciaran Hinds) and Toby Esterhase (David Dencik). After Control’s death, however, Smiley is contacted by his former right-hand man Peter Guillam (Benedict Cumberbatch), whose AWOL agent, Ricki Tarr (Tom Hardy), has returned with information indicating the presence of a high-ranking mole inside the Circus.

Tomas Alfredson, the Swedish director whose star is most definitely on the rise following Tinker Tailor and his triumphant adaptation of horror novel Let The Right One In, makes the transfer from Stockholm to London effortlessly. His direction guides the audience beautifully along the lines of Smiley’s thinking, simultaneously unlocking the densely-plotted novel through the use of flashbacks and voiceover. The film is not unlike Let The Right One In in terms of tone and pace, and Alfredson handles himself well in spite of the apprehension he must have felt as a Swede adapting a renowned British story.

Oldman has never given a more reserved performance than he does here, and subsequently it is probably the best performance he has ever given. Never has an actor conveyed so much by doing so little – always calm, ever watchful, we only see him show any form of emotion twice, and yet he dominates every scene in which he appears. Even at this early stage, with the Academy Awards still five months away, he seems sure to garner what would, astonishingly, be only his first nomination. He is ably supported by one of the strongest British casts not assembled for a Richard Curtis film in years – Firth (of course), Strong and Hardy particularly impress. There is also a welcome return to our screens for Kathy Burke, playing researcher Connie Sachs.

However, for all its undoubted brilliance, the film feels slightly rushed. Ciaran Hinds isn’t given enough to do in comparison to his fellow suspects, and it might have been worth adding another ten minutes or so to the film in order to deepen the suspicion and muddy the waters a little more with regard to the traitor’s identity. A little more time taken to clarify the various plot strands would also have been nice – codewords, events and different game players get entangled slightly in the film’s eagerness to unmask the mole.

This is filmmaking at its very best. Confident, deft and absorbing, Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy is the year’s first truly exceptional film. 

5/5

In The Editing Room Of My Mind

In a concept shamelessly stolen from Chris Petit, former editor of Time Out's film section, I pick out my favourite moments/shots/things from cinema.

Harvey Keitel’s head hitting the pillow as "Be My Baby" by the Ronettes kicks in at the beginning of Mean Streets. James Dean’s leather jacket in Rebel Without A Cause. The railway scene in Stand By Me. “We want the finest cakes and wine available to humanity and we want them now!” Creepy John Huston leading Faye Dunaway’s sister/daughter away from her dead body in Chinatown. The impenetrable fog that gives Al Pacino such problems in Insomnia. The rear-view shot of Scarlett Johansen walking through the Tokyo streets at the end of Lost In Translation. Phil Daniels and the rest of the mods riding their Lambrettas down to Brighton in Quadrophenia. Charles Bronson’s harmonica in Once Upon A Time In The West. “Can I buy any of you cunts a drink?” Barbara Stanwyck’s anklet in Double Indemnity. The opening monologue of the undertaker Bonasera as the camera slowly zooms out over Marlon Brando’s shoulder in The Godfather. Woody Allen taking direction from imaginary Humphrey Bogart in an attempt to woo Diane Keaton in Play It Again, Sam. Liam Neeson’s breakdown as he contemplates how many more lives he could have saved in Schindler’s List. The stark gritty blue colourising Jason Patric’s pursuit of a drug dealer through an inner-city neighbourhood in Narc. The unbroken tracking shot across Dunkirk beach in Atonement. Will Ferrell’s moustache in Anchorman. De Niro raging as Al Capone in The Untouchables. The way Joe Pesci says “Muddafucka” in everything he’s in. “Does Barry Manilow know you raid his wardrobe?” Gaunt Christopher Walken in The Deer Hunter. Manic Dennis Hopper in Speed. The heartbreak in Michelle Monaghan’s eyes as Casey Affleck shops Morgan Freeman to the cops in Gone Baby Gone. Christoph Waltz’s friendly menace in the opening scene of Inglourious Basterds. The Statue of Liberty’s head flying through the air in Cloverfield. Kevin Spacey singing American Woman in American Beauty. Anthony Hopkins beating the prison guards to death in The Silence Of The Lambs. Karl Malden’s nose. The mirror scene in Duck Soup. The gap between the apartment buildings in Rear Window. Any shot from Terrence Malick's The Tree Of Life. Cathy Moriarty’s husky voice in Raging Bull. Harrison Ford racing towards the plane while being pursued by the tribesmen in Raiders Of The Lost Ark. Tony Curtis’s leg rising in the background while Marilyn Monroe kisses him in the foreground in Some Like It Hot. ET hiding in the stuffed animals. Orson Welles’s ad-libbed cuckoo clock line in The Third Man. The smoky saxophone in Bernard Herrman’s Taxi Driver theme. Charlie Chaplin’s pathos in Modern Times. Mark Hamill clinging to the antenna underneath the floating city in The Empire Strikes Back. Gollum’s conversation with himself in The Two Towers – the moment CGI became performance. THAT coffee-shop scene between De Niro and Pacino in Heat. The wedding rehearsal sequence in Kill Bill Vol.2. The tree in The Shawshank Redemption. The rain in Se7en. The floating hut in Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter...And Spring Again. Mickey Rourke trying to reconnect with Evan Rachel Wood in The Wrestler. Proto-metal Johnny B. Goode performed by Michael J. Fox in Back To The Future. The prison food in Goodfellas. Paris folding in on itself in Inception. Johnny Depp running verbal rings around the two guards in Pirates Of The Caribbean: The Curse Of The Black Pearl. Jim Carrey stepping through the door of the fake world into the real world at the end of The Truman Show.